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高防服务器MySQL基于GTID的replication

实验环境：两个MySQL实例
IP地址:10.0.0.201 端口:3306 (MySQL的Master)IP地址:10.0.0.201 端口:3307 (MySQL的Slave）
需要的参数•server_id: 每个MySQL实例的server_id必须不一样。•log-bin:MySQL开启binglog日志。•gtid_mode=ON : MySQL开启GTID模式。•enforce-gtid-consistency=true :保证GTID的数据一致性。•log_slave_updates=1:Slave接收来自Master的更新操作日志，并记录至Slave的binlog日志中。可以完成级联复制•binlog_format= row:基于行格式，保证数据的一致。•skip-slave-start=1:保证Slave数据库启动的时候，slave不会自动启动(可以手动来启动 start slave)
步骤:
1.my.cnf的参数配置如下:
•Master(3306)的配置
server-id = 1203306log-bin = /data/mysqldata/3306/binlog/mysql-bin
#*********** GTID settting*******************gtid_mode=ONenforce-gtid-consistency=true binlog_format= rowskip-slave-start=1log_slave_updates = 1
•Slave(3307)的配置
server-id = 1203307log-bin = /data/mysqldata/3307/binlog/mysql-bin
#*********** GTID settting*******************gtid_mode=ONenforce-gtid-consistency=true binlog_format= rowskip-slave-start=1log_slave_updates = 1
2.为Replication创建一个用户
在master上，配置一个新用户，可以让slaves数据库能权限访问master数据库
mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'10.0.0.201' IDENTIFIED BY 'repl@3307';mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'10.0.0.201';
3.保证Master数据库的数据一致性，设置为只读
mysql> SET @@global.read_only = ON;
3.备份Master数据库的数据
master导出备份
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p'zsd@7101' -S /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock --all-databases --triggers --routines --events --flush-logs --single-transaction -e --default-character-set=utf8 | gzip > mysql_3306_full_backup_`date +%F`.sql.gz
参数详解:•all-databases: --all-databases, -A。备份所有数据库的所有表。。•triggers:备份所有触发器。•routines: 备份所有存储过程和函数。•events :数据库的事件。•flush-logs:在数据dump之前，刷新数据库的日志。•single-transaction:服务器dump之前，发起一个BEGIN SQL的语句， START TRANSACTION 放进一个事务里面，保证数据的一致性，防止锁表。•default-character-set=utf8:保证导出的字符集为UTF8•extended-insert:-e 产生一个相对来说较小的dump文件，加速导入数据库时，插入数据的速度。加快数据库的恢复。
slave导入备份
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'zsd@3307' -S /data/mysqldata/3307/mysql.sock --default-character-set=utf8 5.SLAVE追日志,完成复制操作
•抽象语句
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO > MASTER_HOST = host, > MASTER_PORT = port, > MASTER_USER = user, > MASTER_PASSWORD = password, > MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;
•实战语句
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '10.0.0.201',MASTER_PORT = 3306,MASTER_USER = 'repl',MASTER_PASSWORD = 'repl@3307',MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;
6.启动Slave
mysql> START SLAVE;
7.查看slave状态
(root@localhost) [(none)]> show slave status\G;*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 10.0.0.201 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000011 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1658 Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 1832 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000011 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1658 Relay_Log_Space: 2034 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1203306 Master_UUID: 4160e9b3-58d9-11e8-b174-005056af6f24 Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 4160e9b3-58d9-11e8-b174-005056af6f24:27-32 Executed_Gtid_Set: 4160e9b3-58d9-11e8-b174-005056af6f24:1-32,e60a3353-6567-11e8-b305-005056af6f24:1-2 Auto_Position: 1 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: Master_public_key_path: Get_master_public_key: 01 row in set (0.00 sec)
8.Master数据库，关闭只读
mysql> SET @@global.read_only = OFF;
知识点:完全删除replication的拓扑结构(root@localhost) [(none)]> stop slave; (root@localhost) [(none)]> RESET SLAVE ALL;

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